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A favourite joke that endlessly circles Brussels is that those who speak three languages are trilingual, those who speak two are bilingual and those who speak just one are English.
The English though are having the last laugh, as their language inexorably becomes Europes lingua franca. Over one third of Europeans now speak English as a second language, well ahead of German (12%) and French (11%). The reasons for this increasing dominance are less olde englande of course and more new world - not least the internet. They are also self-reinforcing: as more and more speak the common language, more and more want to and even need to in order to get on. This can be seen in the European institutions, where 30 years ago French almost totally prevailed. With the UK and Ireland joining, the EU becoming involved in international finance and all the new Member States preferring English, some 70-80% of EU documents are now produced in that funny language where skating on thin ice can get you into hot water and fat chance and slim chance are the same thing.
The French, of course are not happy: anglo-saxon influence, openly flouted through the language, was a significant reason for the great Non. Even French Oscars (Csars) can now go to English-language films. This trend has deep significance. Compared to the internal mobility of Americans, the biggest barrier to the EU Single Market is language. The ability to actually talk to each other is a crucial element in encouraging people to shop around and to work where they are needed. At a more philosophical level, can there ever really be a Community let alone a Union when its supposed citizens only actually speak to others of their own nationality ? With the mass media and globalisation, this is rapidly changing. Most strikingly, whereas many nations (not least the French) harnessed language through compulsory use in universities, courts, civil service and the army to give the state a common identity, Europes language is emerging in a resoundingly bottom up way, through voluntary choices in school, media and exchange programmes. The EU itself scrupulously produces everything in its (soon, with Gaelic, 21) official languages. English does not replace but complements to Europeans mother tongues. They often speak a regional language too, like Basque or Breton. This creates the interesting political dynamic of regionalists and federalists as allies in supporting English, both with the aim of limiting Member States dominance. The English are becoming ever more unsure about following their noses into a closer Europe. It would be interesting and indeed ironic if one long-term consequence of their language advancing on all fronts was to help lubricate the wheels of European integration.
First published in the budapest sun, 22 december 2005,
HYPERLINK "http://www.budapestsun.com/cikk.php?id=13868" http://www.budapestsun.com/cikk.php?id=13868
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